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  • Equivalence relation — In mathematics, an equivalence relation is a binary relation between two elements of a set which groups them together as being equivalent in some way. Let a , b , and c be arbitrary elements of some set X . Then a b or a ≡ b denotes that a is… …   Wikipedia

  • Equivalence of categories — In category theory, an abstract branch of mathematics, an equivalence of categories is a relation between two categories that establishes that these categories are essentially the same . There are numerous examples of categorical equivalences… …   Wikipedia

  • Unicode equivalence — is the specification by the Unicode character encoding standard that some sequences of code points represent essentially the same character. This feature was introduced in the standard to allow compatibility with preexisting standard character… …   Wikipedia

  • Mass–energy equivalence — E=MC2 redirects here. For other uses, see E=MC2 (disambiguation). 4 meter tall sculpture of Einstein s 1905 E = mc2 formula at the 2006 Walk of Ideas, Berlin, Germany In physics, mass–energy equivalence is the concept that the …   Wikipedia

  • Surreal number — In mathematics, the surreal number system is an arithmetic continuum containing the real numbers as well as infinite and infinitesimal numbers, respectively larger or smaller in absolute value than any positive real number. The surreals share… …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of algebraic structures — In universal algebra, a branch of pure mathematics, an algebraic structure is a variety or quasivariety. Abstract algebra is primarily the study of algebraic structures and their properties. Some axiomatic formal systems that are neither… …   Wikipedia

  • List of first-order theories — In mathematical logic, a first order theory is given by a set of axioms in somelanguage. This entry lists some of the more common examples used in model theory and some of their properties. PreliminariesFor every natural mathematical structure… …   Wikipedia

  • Ordinal number — This article is about the mathematical concept. For number words denoting a position in a sequence ( first , second , third , etc.), see Ordinal number (linguistics). Representation of the ordinal numbers up to ωω. Each turn of the spiral… …   Wikipedia

  • List of algebraic structures — In universal algebra, a branch of pure mathematics, an algebraic structure is a variety or quasivariety. Abstract algebra is primarily the study of algebraic structures and their properties. Some axiomatic formal systems that are neither… …   Wikipedia

  • Von Neumann algebra — In mathematics, a von Neumann algebra or W* algebra is a * algebra of bounded operators on a Hilbert space that is closed in the weak operator topology and contains the identity operator. They were originally introduced by John von Neumann,… …   Wikipedia

  • Integer — This article is about the mathematical concept. For integers in computer science, see Integer (computer science). Symbol often used to denote the set of integers The integers (from the Latin integer, literally untouched , hence whole : the word… …   Wikipedia

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